drug - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums. Here are 4 tips that should help you perfect your pronunciation of 'drug activity':. Obsolete. Pharmaceutical definition is - of, relating to, or engaged in pharmacy or the manufacture and sale of pharmaceuticals. Found inside – Page 557WILLS : If we adopt the Greek pronunciation it is no doubt a " k , ” but it has become so English that one is tempted to anglicise it . LORD JUSTICE BRAMWELL : Do not suppose I am attempting to teach you . I am only telling you what the ... A cardioselective β-blocker. Found inside – Page 270... under the Juries Act . An amusing discussion once arose in a case at the Law Courts as to the proper pronunciation of the word " Pharmaceutical . " The Attorney - General was asked by Lord Campbell why he pronounced the " c " soft . View American English pronunciation of pharmaceutical. Found inside – Page 7The difficulty of obtaining supplies is as pronounced as ever , and , if anything , prices are somewhat firmer , nothing being available under about 15s . Quinine . — Business is restrited to small transactions , and prices are very ... A class IA antiarrythmic.  Indicated in SVT and ventricular tachycardia (V-tach).  Procainamide is pharmacokinetically dosed with a therapeutic range between 4-12mcg/ml.  50% of the drug is cleared renally and 50% is cleared hepatically to the active metabolite NAPA, which is actually its own antiarrythmic drug that can be grouped in class III.  Procainamide undergoes polymorphic metabolism.  Possible side effects include a lupus-like reaction, which is more common in slow acetylators, as well as hypotension and torsades (due to the widening of the QRS interval). How to use drug in a sentence. Originally indicated for HTN, but is now being employed to prevent vasospasm associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage, and cancer chemotherapy resistance. A Penicillin that shows resistance to attacks by ß-lactamases. Drug Schedules Drugs, substances, and certain chemicals used to make drugs are classified into five (5) distinct categories or schedules depending upon the drug's acceptable medical use and the drug's abuse or dependency potential. Natural Remedies. Less frequently prescribed.  See Atenolol. Costs for Medicare drug coverage. Pharmaceutical Excipients - Some Definition There are several explanations to pharmaceutical excipients covering origin, regulatory and functionality aspects. Also indicated for tachyarrhythmias, and in stable HF.  The use of BB in HF counteracts the destructive cardio-remodeling process and reverses damage.  Patients should be warned that their condition may seem to deteriorate when initiating therapy on BB, but tolerance will develop.  Patients must be titrated to adequate dosages.  Excessive slowing of the heart rate will cause fatigue.  Contraindicated if HR is less than 60 bpm.  (Note: Metoprolol XL is the preferred β-blocker for HF per clinical trials).  Caucasians respond more favorably to BB for HTN due to their high renin levels. Definition of Prescription drug. Found inside – Page 385PHARMACEUTICAL , får - må - sů'tė - kål , 509 . a . ... If , when from philippick : the smartness of the stroke being simi . we pronounce a Latin or Greek word of two syllables , lar to the asperity of the oration . having a single ... Learn how to pronounce \"pharmaceutical\" with the American Pronunciation Guide (\"APG\")!The American Pronunciation Guide is devoted to descriptive linguistics--i.e., the study of the internal phonological, grammatical, and semantic structures of languages without reference to the history of the language or comparison with other languages. Found inside – Page 731American Pharmaceutical Association. Annual Meeting. SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION OF CHEMICAL TERMS . 7 ? 1 * General Principles of Pronunciation . * ( 1 ) The pronunciation is as much in accord with the analogy of the English language as ... Clavulanic acid is a ß-Lactamase Inhibitor used in combinations with Amoxicillin (Augmentin®) and Ticarcillin (Timentin®). Found inside – Page 234234 PRONUNCIATION OF THE WORD PHARMACEUTICAL . experienced by the Pharmaceutical Society originated with and was supported by its own members , and the ill effects of this opposition were greatly enhanced by the mystery in which the ... A Vitamin K antagonist in the class of coumarins.  Warfarin is the only anticoagulant available PO. Affects whole heart, increases refractory period, increase QT interval but unlike most antiarrhythmic drugs it is not proarrhythmic.  Difficult drug to dose; half-life is approximately 53 days due to large volume of distribution and an active metabolite.  Metabolism is primarily hepatic.  Amiodarone is a substrate for CYP 2C9, 3A4 as well as an inhibitor for CYP 1A2, 2C9, 2D6, 3A4.  Drug interactions are unavoidable and are both kinetic and pharmacodynamic in nature.  Amiodarone has an extensive side effect profile including pneumonitis (which occurs in up to 10% of patients), increases in LFTs, ocular complications, and skin discoloration (patient can literally turn blue).  There are guidelines for administration of a loading dose, however due to the long half-life and risk of side effects most patients are sent home on a maintenance dose of 100-400 mg/day and reassessed in 2 months (the lower end of the dosing spectrum is reserved for atrial fibrillation and the higher end of the spectrum typically for ventricular arrhythmias). The FDA is responsible for the protection of public health by guaranteeing the safety, efficacy, as well as security of human and veterinary drugs, biological products, medical devices, food supply . A direct vasodilator (of arteriolar smooth muscle).   Used in CHF as the combination drug Bidel with Hydralazine.  Bidel has been shown to be a more effective initial therapy than ACE-I in African Americans to both lower BP and increase survival in HF patients.  However, the combination can be dispensed separately for a more economical therapy if a patient is concerned over drug prices. An Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I).  Primary indication is in HTN. Change your default dictionary to American English. Official Answer by Drugs.com 24 Feb 2011. 'The pharmaceutical industry is among the most profitable in the world, with profits nearly four times the average.' 'The pharmaceutical industry could be reluctant to waive any part of its power in the conduct of studies that it funds entirely.' 'In the postwar period, the pharmaceutical industry was free-wheeling and little . All Free. pharmaceutical pronunciation. The FDA, USP and EP all recognize the use of secondary standards or working standards that are established with reference to the . 3. A Penicillin that is resistant to attacks by ß-lactamases. Resistance may arise by replacing the terminal D-Ala to Lactate, preventing one of the hydrogen bonds from forming. Reduces platelet count through an unknown mechanism.  Indicated for myeloproliferative disorders.  Common side effects include; edema, palpitations, GI distress, dizziness, dyspnea and fever.  Drug interaction with Gingko. Pharmaceutical quality control—As defined by WHO, quality control is the part of the firm's The links below take you to a 15-20 second YouTube video of 1) the drug's generic and brand pronunciation 2) the drug used in a sentence, and 3) the generic name pronounced again. pharmaceutical: 1 adj of or relating to pharmacy or pharmacists "the pharmaceutical industry" Synonyms: pharmaceutic adj of or relating to drugs used in medical treatment n drug or medicine that is prepared or dispensed in pharmacies and used in medical treatment Synonyms: pharmaceutic Types: radiopharmaceutical pharmaceutical consisting of a . Share the pronunciation of pharmaceutical in English: Is there anything wrong with this word/phrase? Cannabis products, including any cannabis products intended for external use, are not pharmaceutical products. A cell wall biosynthesis inhibitor used in MRS and other infections from Gram positive bacteria. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. Drug use can negatively affect academic performance and motivation to excel in school. Comprising the Pronunciation,derivation, and full explanation of medical, pharmaceutical, dental, and veterinary terms, together with much collateral descriptive matter, numerous tables, etc. Epilepsy and Seizure Medications List. Class III antiarrythmic.  No longer available in the US.  Formally used to terminate ventricular arrythmias.  It had the added benefit of controlling atrial fibrillation, however it was very hypotensive and proarrythmic (hence its removal). Sympathomimetic ionotrope, stimulating both α and β receptors.  Ionotropes are used in decompensated HF as well as other emergency situations in which the heart begins to pump less blood (shock, etc) to increase cardiac index (CI), increase cardiac output (CO), increase contractility and decrease systemic vascular resistance (SVR).  Dobutamine is cleared hepatically with a half life of less than 10 min, making it the perfect medication for emergency situations that require a drug to perform its action, and then quickly be out of circulation.  Unfortunately, the drug is also proarrythmic and increases the HR, both of which are undesirable effects. Please be advised that this page contains pixel tags. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. A potent ß-Lactamase inhibitor used with Piperacillin in parenteral preparations for various infections including skin, abdominal and pelvic infections, as well as pneumonia of moderate severity. Our secondary standards have multi-traceability to the USP, EP and BP primary standards; in addition, they are manufactured according to ISO/IEC 17025 and ISO Guide 34. A substance used in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of a disease or as a component of a medication. © 2021 The Regents of the University of Michigan. Found inside – Page 334Comprising Abstracts of Papers Relating to Pharmacy, Materia Medica and Chemistry Contributed to British and Foreign Journal...with the Transactions of the British Pharmaceutical Conference. observe , usually pronounced “ Pharmacog'nosy ... It irreversibly inhibits vitamin K dependent clotting factors (II, VII, IX, X), as well as protein C and S (the body’s endogenous vitamin K dependent anticoagulants).  The drug is cleared hepatically via CYP2C9 and its half life is the length of the vitamin K dependent factors (the longest being factor II with a half life of 60 hours).  Due to the inactivation of protein C and S, warfarin therapy must be initiated concomitantly with heparin, to combat the initial hypercoaguable state.  Warfarin therapy is monitored via the patients INR.  The drug is notorious for drug interactions due to its narrow therapeutic window.  Other drugs that are CYP2C9 inducers or inhibitors interact with warfarin, as well as foods that contain vitamin K (such as green, leafy vegetables).  Patients should be instructed to watch for bleeding/bruising while on warfarin, especially on the torso. The resources below have been provided to help narrow your search to specific, targeted drug information. An applicable drug is a Part D drug that is approved under a new drug application under section 505(b) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act or a biologics license application under section 351 of the Public Health Service Act (other than a product licensed under subsection (k) of such Act). Pharmaceutical Secondary Standards. Pharmaceutical definition, pertaining to pharmacy or pharmacists. Drug: A substance that cures, treats, prevents or reduces the symptoms of a disease or ailment. A Loop diuretic.  The most potent class of agents indicated for diuresis, however, loops are not the most potent antihypertensive diuretic (see HCTZ).  Used mainly for diuresis of fluid overloaded patients suffering from renal disease, CHF and other edematous disease states.  Resistance can develop to the diuretic effect.  Some efficacy can be recovered if a loop/thiazide combination is employed.  However, once the dosages are maxed renal patients will usually require dialysis.  Furosemide is not the loop of choice during exacerbations of CHF, due to a more erratic absorption in this state. Mixed α/β blocker (inhibits α1, β1, β2).  Like Labetolol but the drug of choice if a CHF patient is experiencing hypertensive urgency. Found inside – Page 54Provides concise definitions with pronunciation keys. Contains 56,000 entries ... CD-ROM contains the full text of the print edition, with audio-pronunciation, anatomy animations, various images, and medical/pharmaceutical spellchecker. See Losartan. Its mechanism of action is unclear.  A major drug interaction can result when Gemfibrozil is used in combination with statins.  Gemfibrozil increases the active form of the statin in the body, leading to a higher incidence of rhabdomyolosis.Â. Found inside – Page 57SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION OF CHEMICAL TERMS . In 1888 the Chemical Section of the American Association for the Advancement of Science appointed a committee , consisting of Professors Norton , Bolton . Hart and Howe , to formulate and ... A non selective lipophilic β-adrenergic antagonist.  See Propranolol. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACE-I) see Lisinopril (representative agent).  Captopril is like Lisinopril, however, it is an older generation ACE-I and requires BID dosing as well as a test dose at the initiation of therapy to test for extensive hypotension.  Captopril, unlike the rest of the agents in its class, contains a sulfhydral group which causes a cross reactivity with all sulfa related adverse effects (eg: rash, metallic taste).Â. I can easily correct / augment any of these videos . 'pharmaceuticals companies'. Provisional Drug Overdose Death Counts. Background: Twenty-three years after Hepler and Strand published their well-known definition of Pharmaceutical Care (PhC), confusion remains about what the term includes and how to differentiate it from other terms. Drugs 1-20 audio | Denali Rx. Preparations of opium were called laudanum. An α1 adrenergic antagonist.  See Doxazosin. A Dihydropyridene Calcium Channel Blocker. 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